On the History of the Founding and Development of the City of Bukhara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5STK6Keywords:
urban planning, makhalla, medieval city, historical layout of streets, evolution of urban fabricAbstract
Introduction.
The features of the development of cities in history are closely interrelated with the history and lifestyle of a particular people. The uniqueness of traditions, or vice versa, their universal character determines the appearance and development of settlements and cities. The way in which the urban planning will be arranged, the public space and the administrative center will be organized. The study of these features gives a better understanding of the evolutionary processes, including in the historically formed city of Bukhara, which has more than 2500 years of history.
Research methods.
To reveal the research topic, such methods as historical-chronological, content and comparative analysis were used. Also, one of the research methods in this case was the study of the features of urban space and the arrangement of residential quarters-makhallas.
Results and discussions
The heyday of the city falls during the reign of two dynasties at different times. These are undoubtedly Samanids and Sheibanids.
Stability in the politics of the region contributed to this. Political stability is usually the precursor of such a historical stage as economic recovery. During the Samanid period, the welfare of Bukharans is growing and the level of interest in science is growing. Also known as the renaissance of our state, this period contributes to the development of the city.
The Sheibanids return to the city the value lost under the Timurids. The city is becoming an important center of trade and as a result of science.
Today, the main historical architectural fund of the Historical Center of Bukhara consists of buildings and structures of the Sheibanid period.
Bukhara is a city that has been formed for many centuries in harmony with its surrounding environment. This condition is very important because the city itself is entirely a source of research for historical science. The history of the city of Bukhara, in fact, reflects the history of the entire region of the lower reaches of Zarafshan.
That is why, against the background of developing tourism, the preservation of the historical appearance of the city is now of paramount importance.
Conclusion.
The city of Bukhara, being an outstanding example of a medieval city, has preserved its elements and attributes today. In particular, the historical layout of streets and guzars, the location of quarterly mosques, and the shopping infrastructure have retained their main nodal elements are clearly visible.
The formation of the city, which began almost 3,000 years ago, reached its peak in the medieval period. Very important today is the absence of large-scale interference in the historical fabric of the city. Despite numerous attempts to "reshape" the city, which took place during the Soviet period, it has been well preserved.
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