Political Leadership and Socio-economic Development of Rivers State
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KYXBKeywords:
Leadership, Development, Social-economic, PoliticsAbstract
The paper examined the role of political leadership on socio-economic development of Rivers State. The study raised two research questions and two corresponding objectives. Elite theory was adopted as the theoretical frame work. Both primary and secondary data were utilized. The population for this study is 7,303,924 based on 2022 city projected population. A sample of 400 respondents was drawn with the aid of Taro Yamene formula. The study adopted stratified sampling and purposive sampling technique to administer the research instrument to the respondents. The study generated data from primary and secondary sources. A questionnaire instrument was used in this study titled; “Role of Political Leadership on Socio-economic Development Questionnaire (RPLSEDQ)”. The study employed the test-re-test method. This method allowed the researcher to assess the survey instrument by applying two separate measurements on the same elements at different times with the same methods. The outcome of the pilot survey was compared with that of the final survey to confirm if the results are the same. The data generated were analyzed with Mean and Standard Deviation through the aid of SPSS version 25. The criterion mean was 2.5 which implied that any item found equal or above 2.5 was accounted as Agreed, while item means lesser than 2.5 were interpreted to be disagreed.
The study found that the political leaders encourage educational development of the people, however, they have not made significant effort in financial empowerment, skill development, and employment opportunities for the citizens of Rivers State. The challenges militating against political leadership in socio-economic development in Rivers State are corruption, lack of vision, selfishness, wrong value-system, greediness, and ethnic interest. The study therefore advice that the Rivers State political leaders should be very sensitive to the cries and desperations of the average man in the society as to improve the socio-economic development of the state and also enforce and mobilize the appropriate anti-graft institutions or agencies with the necessary materials needed to apprehend and recover looted public funds from corrupt public officials.
References
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2. Achebe, C. (1984). The trouble with Nigeria. Heinemann Educational Publishers.
3. Akaranta, O. (2014). Building and maintaining Higher Education Ecosystem in the 21st Century. Paper presented at a workshop organized by the Centre for Higher Education Studies, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
4. Akinrinade, S. (2014). Leadership and Governance in National Development, lecture delivered at the MBA Executive Students’ Management Lecture Series of Faculty of Administration, ObafemiAwolowoUniversity,Nigeria, May.
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8. Ogunmilade, A. Nwoko, G.C Akhigbe, O. J., (2017). The Challenge of Leadership and Governance in Nigeria.Research on Humanities and Social Sciences. 7(14),23-57.
9. Alo O. (2014). Leadership and the Challenge of National Development, lecture delivered at the Faculty of Social Sciences Annual Lecture, ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, March.
10. Amaechi, R. (2014). Nigeria: The 2015 Question – The Metaphor of Change and the Politics of 2015, lecture delivered at the second conference of the People’s Media Limited by the Governor, Rivers State and Chairman Nigeria Governors’ Forum, Abuja, March.
11. Ameh, C. G. (2014, May 10). Hillary Clinton accuses Jonathan’s government of squandering oil money, aiding corruption. Daily Post. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from http://dailypost.ng/2014/05/10/hillary-clinton-accuses-jonathans-government-squandering-oil-money-aiding-corruption
12. Dimkpa,B. M. (2018). The executive: A comparative study. In S.L Ekwonna (Eds). Introduction to comparatives policies & government. Ambix publishers.
13. Anaba, S. A. (2015). Critical Review of Human Capital Development in Cross River State. Diamond Press.
14. Anekwe, R. I. (2020). Leadership challenges and Nigeria development. The issues and imperatives. International Journal of academic accounting , finance and management research (IJAAFMR), 4(1), 1-5.
15. Asiyai, R. I. (2013). Challenges of quality in higher education in Nigeria in the 21st Century. International Journal of Educational Planning & Administration, 3(2),159-172
16. Azania, J. (2013, December). Oshiomhole expresses worry over corruption. The Punch. Retrieved March 15,
17. Babatunde, A. (2006). Bureaucratic Corruption and Corruption of Bureaucratic Process” in Hassan A. Saliu, Jacob F. Olorunfemi, Usman Lateef and Samuel B. Oludoyi eds., Democracy and Development in Nigeria Conceptual Issues and Democratic Practice Concept Publications.
18. Bassey, A. O., Abia, R. P., Attah, F., &Bassey, U. A. (2013). Corruption as a social problem and its Implication on Nigerian Society: A Review of Anticorruption Policies. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(1), 252-257.
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20. Chemers, M. M. (2002). Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Intelligence of Transformational Leadership: Efficacy and Effectiveness. In R. E. Riggio, S. E. Murphy, & F. J. Pirozzolo (Eds.), Multiple Intelligences and Leadership. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
21. Chen, L.Y. (2004). Examining the effect of organization culture and leadership behaviours on organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and job performance at small and middle-sized firms of Taiwan. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge, 5 (8), 232-438.
22. Chinye, C.C. (2005). The Nigerian factor. Amazingra folks Limited.
23. Dahida, D. P., &Akangbe, O. M. (2019). Corruption as a bane for under-development in Nigeria: Issues and challenges. International Affairs and Global Strategy, 4(2)15-28.
24. Dike, V. E. (2003). Managing the challenges of corruption in Nigeria. Center for social justice and human development.Baze University Press.
25. Ekott, I., &Udo, B. (2013, December 10). exclusive: Jonathan, Alison-Madueke, Okonjo-Iweala culpable in diversion of N8 trillion oil funds. Premium Times. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/151202-exclusive-jonathan-alison-madueke-okonjo-iweala-culpable-in-diversion-of-n8-trillion-oil-funds.html
26. El-Rufai, N. A. (2013). The accidental public servant. Safari Books Ltd.
27. Fagbadebo, O. (2019). Corruption, Governance and Political Instability in Nigeria. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 1(2): 028-037.
28. Federal Republic of Nigeria (2013). National Policy on Education. Abuja: NERDC
29. Graig, E.J. (2005). Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership. Sage Publications.
30. George, T. O., Olayiwola, W. K., Adewole, M. A. &Osabuohien, E. S. (2013). “Effective Service Delivery of Nigeria’s Public Primary Education-How Active are Non-State Actors?” Submission for CSAE Conference 2013: Economic Development in Africa –17th-19th March 2013, St. Catherine's College, Oxford.
31. Godfrey, O. &Chuks, P. (2010). Effects of design, layout and management of primary school facilities on performance of pupils.http://www.pge.com (May 20, 2016)
32. Gollom, M. (2014, May 9). Boko Haram formed amid Nigerian government corruption. CBC News. Retrieved June 2, 2014, from http://www.cbc.ca/m/news/#!/content/1.2636547
33. Hoogevelt, A. (2015). The Sociology of developing societies. Macmillian.
34. Ifiofkobong, A. (2016). WAEC May/June 2016 Result Analysis, Breakdown and Statistics. Retrieved from www. http://mypastquestion.com/waec-mayjune-result-analysis-breakdown-and-statistics/
35. Igbinovia, P. E., &Aigbive, O. (2019). Corruption: A Bane to Efficiency and Effectiveness in the Public Service. Ambrose Ali University Press.
36. Igbuzor, O. (2008). Strategies for winning the anti-corruption war in Nigeria. Abuja Nigeria: Action Aid, Briefing Paper No 2.
37. Lipset, S. M., & Lenz, G. S. (2020) Corruption, Culture, and Markets. In L. E. Harrison, & S. P. Huntington (Eds.), Culture Matters. Basic Books.
38. March 17, 2014, from http://www.punchng.com/news/corruption-worsening-in-nigeria-ti
39. Morris, I. (2010). Social development. Stanford University.
40. Ndubusi, A. (1991). Nigeria What Hope? Fourth Dimension Publishers.
41. New York Times. (2014, May 6). Nigeria’s Stolen Girls. The Editorial Board. Retrieved May 8, 2014, from
42. Obasanjo, O. (1999). Inaugural Address at the handover ceremony to the newly elected president. Abuja, Nigeria, May 29.
43. Odeyemi, T. I. (2014). Leadership, Corruption and Underdevelopment in Nigeria”, Being a seminal paper delivered at the M.Sc. Class, Department of Political Science, ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, May.
44. Odigwe, F. N. &Eluwa, I. O. (2013). Appraising the state of maintenance and management of available secondary school facilities on students’ academic performance in Cross River State, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice, 4 (24), 101 – 106.
45. Ogbeidi, M. M. (2012). Political Leadership and Corruption in Nigeria Since 1960: A Socio-economic Analysis Journal of Nigeria Studies, 1(2)465-500.
46. Oghi, F. E. (2013). Corruption in the Matrix of Development in Nigeria. European Scientific Journal, 9(7), 78-87.
47. Ogundele, K., &Adetayo, O. (2013). Corruption worsening in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development7(5),22-43.
48. Ogunmilade, A. Nwoko, G.C. &Akhigbe, O. J. (2017). The challenge of leadership and governance in Nigeria. Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 7(14), 47-52.
49. Ojo, O. P. (2005) An Assessment of the Clinton Administration’s Foreign Policy Towards Nigeria (An Unpublished M.Sc Thesis).
50. Okonkwo, R. (2007). Corruption in Nigeria: A Historical Perspective (1947–2002). African Unchained Press.
51. Okoye, J. C., Anazodo, R. O., Izueke, E. M., &Eze, S. C. (2012). Monetization of Workers Fringe Benefits in Rivers State: The Journey so far in Nigeria Federal Civil Service. Public Administration Research, 1(1), 50-60.
52. Omole, I. B. (2014a). Welcome Address delivered by the Vice-Chancellor, ObafemiAwolowo University, at the Annual Faculty of Social Sciences Lecture Series, OAU, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, March 13.
53. Omole, I. B. (2014b). Address delivered by the Vice-Chancellor, at the Faculty of Environmental Design and Management 4th Distinguished Guest Lecture, ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, May.
54. Onimode, B. (2020). Overview of corruption and organised crime in Nigeria. In I. Lame, & F. Odekunle (Eds.) Fighting corruption and organised crime in Nigeria: challenges for the new millenium. Spectrum Books.
55. Osabuohien, E. S. &Efobi, U. (2012), Technological diffusion and economic progress in Africa. In N. Ekekwe& N. Islam (eds.). Disruptive Technologies, Innovation and Global Redesign: Emerging Implications. IGI-Global
56. Pahi, M. H. & Hamid, K. A. (2015). How Leadership Styles Influence Commitment to Service Quality (CSQ): A Case Study of Hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6 (6); 52 – 61.
57. Rodney, W. (1972). How Europe underdeveloped Africa. Bogle-L’ Overtures Publications.
58. Rostow, W. W. (1960). The stages of economic growth: A non-communist manifesto. Cambridge Press.
59. Sebudubudu, D. (2010). Issues and challenges in democratic governance in Africa: The case of Botswana’ Paper presented at the Conference on “Governance Reform: What is the Record? Perspective from the South and North on Governance, Policy Space and Democratic Processes, The University of Quebec, Montreal, Canada. March 24-28 2010.
60. Shehu, A. Y. (2006). Recovering the proceeds of corruption: The challenges for developing countries. Nigeria Journal of Economic and Financial Crimes, 1(1), 22-23.
61. Spahr, S. (2016). What is transactional leadership? How structure leads to results: Leadership is learned. Retrieved on 22/03/2017 from www.online.stu.edu/category/leadership is learned.
62. Stakeholder Democracy Network (2013). A case study of poor service delivery: Ogu government secondary school, Ogu-bolo LGA Education in Rivers State, Nigeria.
63. Nwagboso, I. & Duke, O. (2012). Nigeria and the challenges of leadership in the 21st century: A critique. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(13), 230-239.
64. Omolayo, B. (2006). (eds), Governance for Development: Issues and Strategies. Prentice- Hall.
65. Imhonopi, U. &Urim, D. (2013). Sociology, culture and social problems: Essays and insights. Institute of Communication and Entrepreneurship development.
66. Reed, R. (2013). Life, liberty and pursuit of anyone who gets in the way: Lessons from a comparative analysis of US. Militias and Ulster Loyalists. JournalStudies in Conflict and Terrorism 36(9), 104-125.
67. Storey, B. (1953). Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Administration of Lagos Town Council. Government Printer.
68. Epelle, A. &Nweke, K. (2019). The challenges of political restructuring in Nigeria’s Fourth republic; A prognostic analysis. European Journal of Scientific Research, 154(4), 370-383.
69. Diri, B. D. (2021). Local government administration inNigeria: Theory and practice. Chucks publishing house.
70. Sule, M. (2010, August 02). Nigeria is in a Mess. The News, p.23.
71. Tanko, S. (2015). Leadership challenges and economic development in Nigeria. Journal of Politics & Governance, 4(4), 25-35
72. Transparency International. (2004). Introduction to Political Corruption. Global Corruption Report, January.
73. Transparency International. (2013). Transparency International Calls on Nigerian President to RescindControversial Pardon of Corrupt Politician. Retrieved March 15, 2014, from http://www.transparency.org/news/pressrelease/20130314_transparency_international_calls_on_nigerian_president_to_rescindon
74. UNESCO (1995). World Education Report. Oxford University Press.
75. Udegbe, I. B. (1999). Leadership, nature, and pathway to effectiveness. In Udegbe, I. B. (eds), Psychology, perspectives in human behaviour. A publication of Dept. Of Psychology , University of Ibadan Press.
76. Wiseman, J. (1996). The struggle for democracy. Avebury.
77. World Bank (2012). World Development Report: The State in a changing world. Oxford University Press.
78. World Bank. (1999). The Fight against Corruption: A World Bank Perspective. Workshop on Transparency and Governance, organized as part of the Consultative Group Meeting for the Reconstruction and Transformation of Central America, May 25-28, Stockholm, Sweden.
79. Yagboyaju, D. A. (2019). Corruption, Democracy and Good Governance. In O. A. Bamisaye, & O. Awofeso (Eds.), Democracy and democratic practise in Nigeria: Issues, challenges and prospects. Alfaer Books.
80. Daniel, I. E. (2021). Political leadership challenges and socio-economic development in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. MSc dissertation submitted to the Department of Political Science, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education.
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2022-04-20
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Jacob, M. U. ., Chukwuemaka, O. ., & Nkatomba, E. N. . . (2022). Political Leadership and Socio-economic Development of Rivers State. Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences and History, 3(4), 29–45. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KYXB
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