Issues of Legal Regulation of the Economic Mechanism of Land Protection

Abstract

This study examines the legal regulation of economic mechanisms for land protection in the Republic of Uzbekistan within the context of democratic state-building and market-based reforms. The research analyzes the current legislative framework governing land use payments, financing of protection measures, and economic incentives for sustainable land management. Through comprehensive analysis of existing legislation including the Land Code, Tax Code, and relevant government decrees, this paper identifies three key components of the economic mechanism: fee determination and collection for land use and pollution, financing of land protection measures, and provision of economic incentives through tax benefits. The study reveals that Uzbekistan's total land area encompasses 44,892.4 thousand hectares, with irrigated land comprising 4,342.5 thousand hectares (9.7% of total area). The research demonstrates that effective economic mechanisms are crucial for rational land use, given the growing population and diminishing fertile land resources in Central Asia. The findings indicate that current land legislation establishes comprehensive payment procedures through annual land taxes and rental systems, with rates determined by land quality, location, and water supply levels. The study concludes by proposing a comprehensive definition of the economic mechanism of land protection as a legal institution encompassing norms for payment determination, financing protection measures, and economic stimulation of operators. This research contributes to understanding the legal framework necessary for effective land resource management and environmental protection in Uzbekistan's developing economy.